在醫(yī)院的過(guò)道兩邊或者是公共場(chǎng)所，比如公園，我們都會(huì)看見(jiàn)一些護(hù)欄，它們作用是為了照顧出行不方便的朋友們而制成的，而且根據(jù)每個(gè)地方適用人群大致的情況，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)護(hù)欄不僅僅設(shè)計(jì)樣式有一定的區(qū)別，而且高度有很大的差異，比如在學(xué)校因?yàn)橐话愣际切∨笥咽褂玫?，它們的身高并不跟成人一樣，所以這方面的護(hù)欄高度可能就比較低。那么接下來(lái)為大家舉例說(shuō)明的就是關(guān)于國(guó)家對(duì)于護(hù)欄高度方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參數(shù)規(guī)定，有興趣朋友可以參考下文入手了解。在醫(yī)院的過(guò)道兩邊或者是公共場(chǎng)所，比如公園，我們都會(huì)看見(jiàn)一些護(hù)欄，它們作用是為了照顧出行不方便的朋友們而制成的，而且根據(jù)每個(gè)地方適用人群大致的情況，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)護(hù)欄不僅僅設(shè)計(jì)樣式有一定的區(qū)別，而且高度有很大的差異，比如在學(xué)校因?yàn)橐话愣际切∨笥咽褂玫?，它們的身高并不跟成人一樣，所以這方面的護(hù)欄高度可能就比較低。那么接下來(lái)為大家舉例說(shuō)明的就是關(guān)于國(guó)家對(duì)于護(hù)欄高度方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參數(shù)規(guī)定，有興趣朋友可以參考下文入手了解。

　　On both sides of hospital corridors or in public places such as parks, we can see some guardrails that are made to take care of friends who have difficulty traveling. Based on the general situation of the applicable population in each place, we found that the guardrails not only have certain differences in design, but also have significant differences in height. For example, in schools, because they are usually used by children, their height is not the same as adults, so the height of guardrails in this area may be relatively low. So the following example is about the national standard parameter regulations for guardrail height. Interested friends can refer to the following text to learn more. On both sides of hospital corridors or in public places such as parks, we can see some guardrails that are made to take care of friends who have difficulty traveling. Based on the general situation of the applicable population in each place, we found that the guardrails not only have certain differences in design, but also have significant differences in height. For example, in schools, because they are usually used by children, their height is not the same as adults, so the height of guardrails in this area may be relatively low. So the following example is about the national standard parameter regulations for guardrail height. Interested friends can refer to the following text to learn more.

　　護(hù)欄高度國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　National standard for guardrail height

　　<<住宅設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范>>(GB50096-1999)2003版

　　<<Residential Design Code>(GB50096-1999) 2003 edition

　　1，陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)防兒童攀登,欄桿的垂直桿件間凈距不應(yīng)大于0.11m，放置花盆處必須采取防墜落措施。

　　1. The design of balcony railings should prevent children from climbing, and the clear distance between the vertical members of the railing should not exceed 0.11m. Fall prevention measures must be taken at the place where flower pots are placed.

　　2，低層、多層住宅的陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿凈高不應(yīng)低于1.05m;中高層、高層住宅的陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿凈高不應(yīng)低于1.10m。

　　2. The net height of balcony railings for low rise and multi story residential buildings should not be less than 1.05m; the net height of balcony railings for medium rise and high-rise residential buildings should not be less than 1.10m.

　　封閉陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿也應(yīng)滿足陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿凈高要求。中高層、高層及寒冷、嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)住宅的陽(yáng)臺(tái)宜采用實(shí)體欄板。

　　The enclosed balcony railing should also meet the net height requirements of the balcony railing. Solid balustrades should be used for balconies in middle and high-rise buildings, as well as residential buildings in cold and extremely cold regions.

　　3，外窗窗臺(tái)距樓面、地面的高度低于0.90m時(shí)，應(yīng)有防護(hù)設(shè)施，窗外有陽(yáng)臺(tái)或平臺(tái)時(shí)可不受此限制。窗臺(tái)的凈高度或防護(hù)欄桿的高度均應(yīng)從可踏面起算，保證凈高0.90m。

　　When the height of the outer window sill from the floor or ground is less than 0.90m, protective facilities should be provided. If there is a balcony or platform outside the window, this restriction is not applicable. The net height of the window sill or protective railing should be calculated from the tread surface, ensuring a net height of 0.90m.

　　<<住宅設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范>>(GB50096-1999)2003版條文說(shuō)明

　　<<Residential Design Code>(GB50096-1999) 2003 Edition Article Explanation

　　1，陽(yáng)臺(tái)是兒童活動(dòng)較多的地方，欄桿(包括欄板局部欄桿)的垂直桿件間距若設(shè)計(jì)不當(dāng)，容易造成事故。根據(jù)人體工程學(xué)原理，欄桿垂直凈距應(yīng)小于0.11m，才能防止兒童鉆出。同時(shí)為防止因欄桿上放置花盆而墜落傷人，本條要求可擱置花盆的欄桿必須采取防止墜落措施。

　　1. Balconies are places where children have more activities, and if the spacing between the vertical bars of railings (including partial railings) is not properly designed, it can easily cause accidents. According to ergonomic principles, the vertical clearance distance of the railing should be less than 0.11m to prevent children from drilling out. At the same time, in order to prevent falling and injuring people due to placing flower pots on the railing, this requirement requires that railings that can hold flower pots must take measures to prevent falling.

　　2，根據(jù)人體重心和心理要求。陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿應(yīng)隨建筑高度增高而增高。封閉陽(yáng)臺(tái)沒(méi)有改變?nèi)梭w重心穩(wěn)定和心理要求。因此，封閉陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿也應(yīng)滿足陽(yáng)臺(tái)欄桿凈高要求。對(duì)中高層、高層住宅及寒冷、嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)住宅陽(yáng)臺(tái)要求采用實(shí)心欄板的理由，一是防止冷風(fēng)從陽(yáng)臺(tái)門(mén)灌入室內(nèi)，二是防止物品從欄桿縫隙處墜落傷人。此外，中高層、高層住宅及寒冷、嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)住宅封閉陽(yáng)臺(tái)的現(xiàn)象很普遍，透空的欄桿難以封閉。

　　2. According to the center of gravity and psychological requirements of the human body. The balcony railing should increase with the height of the building. The enclosed balcony does not change the stability of the human body's center of gravity and psychological requirements. Therefore, enclosed balcony railings should also meet the net height requirements for balcony railings. The reason for requiring solid railings to be used for balconies in mid to high rise buildings, high-rise residential buildings, and residential buildings in cold and extremely cold regions is twofold: firstly, to prevent cold air from entering the room through balcony doors; secondly, to prevent objects from falling from gaps in the railings and injuring people. In addition, it is common for mid to high rise buildings, high-rise residential buildings, and residential buildings in cold and extremely cold regions to have enclosed balconies, and it is difficult to seal with transparent railings.

　　3，沒(méi)有鄰接陽(yáng)臺(tái)或平臺(tái)的外窗窗臺(tái)，如距地面凈高較低，容易發(fā)生兒童墜落事故。本條要求當(dāng)窗臺(tái)距地

　　3. External window sills without adjacent balconies or platforms, if the clear height from the ground is low, are prone to child falling accidents. This requirement requires that when the window sill is above the ground

　　面低于0.90m時(shí)，采取防護(hù)措施。有效的防護(hù)高度應(yīng)保證凈高0.90m.距離樓(地)面045m以下的臺(tái)面.橫欄桿等容易造成無(wú)意識(shí)攀登的可踏面，不應(yīng)計(jì)入窗臺(tái)凈高。

　　When the surface is below 0.90m, protective measures should be taken. The effective protection height should ensure a net height of 0.90m for countertops located below 045m from the floor (ground) Treadable surfaces such as horizontal railings that can easily cause unconscious climbing should not be included in the net height of the window sill.

　　修計(jì)算器

　　Repair calculator

　　<<民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)通則>>GB50352-2005

　　<<Code for Design of Civil Buildings>>GB50352-2005

　　1，陽(yáng)臺(tái)、外廊、室內(nèi)回廊、內(nèi)天井、上人屋面及室外樓梯等臨空處應(yīng)設(shè)置防護(hù)欄桿，并應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定:

　　1. Protective railings should be installed at open spaces such as balconies, external corridors, indoor corridors, internal courtyards, accessible roofs, and outdoor stairs, and should comply with the following regulations:

　　1欄桿應(yīng)以堅(jiān)固、耐久的材料制作，并能承受荷載規(guī)范規(guī)定的水平荷載;

　　The railing should be made of sturdy and durable materials, and able to withstand the horizontal loads specified in the load specifications;

　　2臨空高度在24m以下時(shí)，欄桿高度不應(yīng)低于1.05m，臨空高度在24m及24m以上(包括中高層住宅)時(shí)，欄桿高度不應(yīng)低于1.10m;

　　When the clearance height is below 24m, the height of the railing should not be less than 1.05m, and when the clearance height is 24m and above (including high-rise residential buildings), the height of the railing should not be less than 1.10m;

　　注:欄桿高度應(yīng)從樓地面或屋面至欄桿扶手頂面垂直高度計(jì)算，如底部有寬度大于或等于0.22m，且高度低于或等于0.45m的可踏部位，應(yīng)從可踏部位頂面起計(jì)算。

　　Note: The height of the railing should be calculated from the vertical height of the floor or roof to the top surface of the railing. If there is a walkable part at the bottom with a width greater than or equal to 0.22m and a height less than or equal to 0.45m, it should be calculated from the top surface of the walkable part.

　　3欄桿離樓面或屋面0.10m高度內(nèi)不宜留空;

　　Within a height of 0.10m from the floor or roof, it is not advisable to leave empty spaces on the railing;

　　4住宅、托兒所、幼兒園、中小學(xué)及少年兒童專(zhuān)用活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所的欄桿必須采用防止少年兒童攀登的構(gòu)造，當(dāng)采用垂直桿件做欄桿時(shí)，其桿件凈距不應(yīng)大于0.11m;

　　The railings of residential buildings, daycare centers, kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, and special activity areas for children must be constructed to prevent children from climbing. When using vertical bars as railings, the net distance between the bars should not exceed 0.11m;

　　5文化娛樂(lè)建筑、商業(yè)服務(wù)建筑、體育建筑、園林景觀建筑等允許少年兒童進(jìn)入活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所，當(dāng)采用垂直桿件做欄桿時(shí)，其桿件凈距也不應(yīng)大于0.11m。

　　When vertical bars are used as railings in cultural and entertainment buildings, commercial service buildings, sports buildings, landscape buildings, and other places that allow children to enter for activities, the clear distance between the bars should not exceed 0.11m.

　　2，窗的設(shè)置應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定:

　　2. The setting of windows should comply with the following regulations:

　　1窗扇的開(kāi)啟形式應(yīng)方便使用，安全和易于維修、清洗;

　　The opening form of the window sash should be convenient to use, safe, and easy to maintain and clean;

　　2當(dāng)采用外開(kāi)窗時(shí)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)牢固窗扇的措施;

　　When using external windows, measures should be taken to strengthen and secure the window sashes;

　　3開(kāi)向公共走道的窗扇，其底面高度不應(yīng)低于2m;

　　The bottom height of window sashes facing public walkways should not be less than 2 meters;

　　4臨空的窗臺(tái)低于0.80m時(shí)，應(yīng)采取防護(hù)措施，防護(hù)高度由樓地面起計(jì)算不應(yīng)低于0.80m;5防火墻上必須開(kāi)設(shè)窗洞時(shí)，應(yīng)按防火規(guī)范設(shè)置;

　　When the overhanging window sill is below 0.80m, protective measures should be taken, and the protection height should not be less than 0.80m from the floor level. When window openings must be opened on firewalls, they should be set according to fire prevention regulations;

　　6天窗應(yīng)采用防破碎傷人的透光材料;

　　The skylight should be made of transparent materials that prevent breakage and injury;

　　7天窗應(yīng)有防冷凝水產(chǎn)生或引泄冷凝水的措施:

　　7. The sunroof should have measures to prevent the generation or leakage of condensation water:

　　8天窗應(yīng)便于開(kāi)啟、關(guān)閉、固定、防滲水，并方便清洗。注:a、住宅窗臺(tái)低于0.90m時(shí)，應(yīng)采取防護(hù)措施;

　　The skylight should be easy to open, close, fix, waterproof, and easy to clean. Note: a. When the residential window sill is below 0.90m, protective measures should be taken;

　　b、低窗臺(tái)、凸窗等下部有能上人站立的寬窗臺(tái)面時(shí)，貼窗護(hù)欄或固定窗的防護(hù)高度應(yīng)從窗臺(tái)面起計(jì)算。<<民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)通則>>GB50352-2005條文說(shuō)明

　　b、 When there is a wide window platform for people to stand on, such as a low windowsill or convex window, the protective height of the window railing or fixed window should be calculated from the windowsill surface. <<Code for Design of Civil Buildings>>GB50352-2005 Article Explanation

　　第2款陽(yáng)臺(tái)、外廊等臨空處欄桿高度應(yīng)超過(guò)人體重心高度，才能避免人體靠近欄桿時(shí)因重心外移而墜落。據(jù)有關(guān)單位1980年對(duì)我國(guó)14個(gè)省人體測(cè)量結(jié)果:我國(guó)男子平均身高為1656.03mm，換算成人體直立狀態(tài)下的重心高度是994mm，穿鞋子后的重心高度為994+20=1014mm，因此在國(guó)標(biāo)<<固定式工業(yè)防護(hù)欄桿>>中規(guī)定:"防護(hù)欄桿的高度不得低于1050mm"，故本條規(guī)定24m以下臨空高度(相當(dāng)于低層、多層建筑的高度)的欄桿高度不應(yīng)低于1.05m，超過(guò)24m臨空高度(相當(dāng)于高層及中高層住宅的高度)的欄桿高度不應(yīng)低于1.10m，對(duì)于高層建筑，因高空俯視會(huì)有恐懼感，所以加高至1.10m。注中說(shuō)明當(dāng)欄桿底部有寬度大于或等于0.22m，且高度低于或等于0.45m的可踏部位，按正常人上踏步情況，人很容易踏上并站立眺望(不是攀登)，此時(shí)，欄桿高度如從樓地面或屋面起算，則至欄桿扶手頂面高度會(huì)低于人的重心高度，很不安全，故應(yīng)從可踏部位頂面起計(jì)算。2當(dāng)采用外開(kāi)窗時(shí)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)牢固窗扇的措施;

　　The height of railings at elevated areas such as balconies and verandas should exceed the height of the center of gravity of the human body to prevent falling due to the outward movement of the center of gravity when approaching the railing. According to the human body measurement results of 14 provinces in China conducted by relevant units in 1980, the average height of men in China is 1656.03mm, which is converted to a center of gravity height of 994mm in an upright state. After wearing shoes, the center of gravity height is 994+20=1014mm. Therefore, in the national standard<Fixed Industrial Protective Railings>, it is stipulated that the height of protective railings shall not be less than 1050mm. Therefore, this article stipulates that the height of railings with a height below 24m (equivalent to the height of low rise and multi story buildings) shall not be less than 1.05m, and the height of railings with a height above 24m (equivalent to the height of high-rise and mid rise residential buildings) shall not be less than 1.10m. For high-rise buildings, due to the fear of looking down from a high altitude, it is necessary to add Up to 1.10m in height. Note that when the width of the bottom of the railing is greater than or equal to 0.22m and the height is less than or equal to 0.45m According to the normal walking situation of a person, it is easy for them to step on and stand to look out (not climb). At this time, if the height of the railing is calculated from the floor or roof, the height to the top of the railing will be lower than the height of the person's center of gravity, which is very unsafe. Therefore, it should be calculated from the top of the walkable part. When using external windows, measures should be taken to strengthen and secure the window sashes;

　　3開(kāi)向公共走道的窗扇，其底面高度不應(yīng)低于2m;

　　The bottom height of window sashes facing public walkways should not be less than 2 meters;

　　4臨空的窗臺(tái)低于0.80m時(shí)，應(yīng)采取防護(hù)措施，防護(hù)高度由樓地面起計(jì)算不應(yīng)低于0.80m;5防火墻上必須開(kāi)設(shè)窗洞時(shí)，應(yīng)按防火規(guī)范設(shè)置;

　　When the overhanging window sill is below 0.80m, protective measures should be taken, and the protection height should not be less than 0.80m from the floor level. When window openings must be opened on firewalls, they should be set according to fire prevention regulations;

　　6天窗應(yīng)采用防破碎傷人的透光材料;

　　The skylight should be made of transparent materials that prevent breakage and injury;

　　7天窗應(yīng)有防冷凝水產(chǎn)生或引泄冷凝水的措施:

　　7. The sunroof should have measures to prevent the generation or leakage of condensation water:

　　8天窗應(yīng)便于開(kāi)啟、關(guān)閉、固定、防滲水，并方便清洗。注:a、住宅窗臺(tái)低于0.90m時(shí)，應(yīng)采取防護(hù)措施;

　　The skylight should be easy to open, close, fix, waterproof, and easy to clean. Note: a. When the residential window sill is below 0.90m, protective measures should be taken;

　　b、低窗臺(tái)、凸窗等下部有能上人站立的寬窗臺(tái)面時(shí)，貼窗護(hù)欄或固定窗的防護(hù)高度應(yīng)從窗臺(tái)面起計(jì)算。<<民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)通則>>GB50352-2005條文說(shuō)明

　　b、 When there is a wide window platform for people to stand on, such as a low windowsill or convex window, the protective height of the window railing or fixed window should be calculated from the windowsill surface. <<Code for Design of Civil Buildings>>GB50352-2005 Article Explanation

　　第2款陽(yáng)臺(tái)、外廊等臨空處欄桿高度應(yīng)超過(guò)人體重心高度，才能避免人體靠近欄桿時(shí)因重心外移而墜落。據(jù)有關(guān)單位1980年對(duì)我國(guó)14個(gè)省人體測(cè)量結(jié)果:我國(guó)男子平均身高為1656.03mm，換算成人體直立狀態(tài)下的重心高度是994mm，穿鞋子后的重心高度為994+20=1014mm，因此在國(guó)標(biāo)<<固定式工業(yè)防護(hù)欄桿>>中規(guī)定:"防護(hù)欄桿的高度不得低于1050mm"，故本條規(guī)定24m以下臨空高度(相當(dāng)于低層、多層建筑的高度)的欄桿高度不應(yīng)低于1.05m，超過(guò)24m臨空高度(相當(dāng)于高層及中高層住宅的高度)的欄桿高度不應(yīng)低于1.10m，對(duì)于高層建筑，因高空俯視會(huì)有恐懼感，所以加高至1.10m。注中說(shuō)明當(dāng)欄桿底部有寬度大于或等于0.22m，且高度低于或等于0.45m的可踏部位，按正常人上踏步情況，人很容易踏上并站立眺望(不是攀登)，此時(shí)，欄桿高度如從樓地面或屋面起算，則至欄桿扶手頂面高度會(huì)低于人的重心高度，很不安全，故應(yīng)從可踏部位頂面起計(jì)算。

　　The height of railings at elevated areas such as balconies and verandas should exceed the height of the center of gravity of the human body to prevent falling due to the outward movement of the center of gravity when approaching the railing. According to the human body measurement results of 14 provinces in China conducted by relevant units in 1980, the average height of men in China is 1656.03mm, which is converted to a center of gravity height of 994mm in an upright state. After wearing shoes, the center of gravity height is 994+20=1014mm. Therefore, in the national standard<Fixed Industrial Protective Railings>, it is stipulated that the height of protective railings shall not be less than 1050mm. Therefore, this article stipulates that the height of railings with a height below 24m (equivalent to the height of low rise and multi story buildings) shall not be less than 1.05m, and the height of railings with a height above 24m (equivalent to the height of high-rise and mid rise residential buildings) shall not be less than 1.10m. For high-rise buildings, due to the fear of looking down from a high altitude, it is necessary to add Up to 1.10m in height. Note that when the width of the bottom of the railing is greater than or equal to 0.22m and the height is less than or equal to 0.45m According to the normal walking situation of a person, it is easy for them to step on and stand to look out (not climb). At this time, if the height of the railing is calculated from the floor or roof, the height to the top of the railing will be lower than the height of the person's center of gravity, which is very unsafe. Therefore, it should be calculated from the top of the walkable part.

　　、第4、5款為保護(hù)少年兒童生命安全，他們專(zhuān)用活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所的欄桿應(yīng)采用防止攀登的構(gòu)造，如不宜做橫向花飾、女兒墻防水材料收頭的小沿磚等。做垂直欄桿時(shí)，桿件間的凈距不應(yīng)大于0.11m，以防頭部帶身體穿過(guò)而墜落。近幾年，在商場(chǎng)等建筑中，有的欄桿垂直桿件間的凈距在0.20m左右，時(shí)有發(fā)生兒童墜落事故，因此少年兒童能去活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所，單做垂直欄桿時(shí)，桿件間的凈距也不應(yīng)大于0.11m。

　　In order to protect the safety of children's lives, the railings of their dedicated activity areas should be constructed to prevent climbing, such as horizontal flower decorations and small edge bricks for parapet waterproofing materials. When making vertical railings, the clear distance between the members should not exceed 0.11m to prevent the head and body from passing through and falling. In recent years, in buildings such as shopping malls, some railings have a clear distance between vertical members of about 0.20m, which has led to incidents of children falling. Therefore, in places where children can go for activities, the clear distance between members of vertical railings should not exceed 0.11m.

　　皮修

　　Pixiu

　　本條也參照了ISO/DIS12055<<房屋建筑建筑物的護(hù)欄系統(tǒng)和欄桿>>標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　This article also refers to the ISO/DIS12055 standard<Guardrail systems and railings for buildings and structures>.

　　不同地區(qū)的護(hù)欄高度有所差異，主要表現(xiàn)為根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厥褂谜叩那闆r不同進(jìn)行的改良以及定制，比如相對(duì)而言醫(yī)院里的護(hù)欄都是為推著輪椅的病人準(zhǔn)備的，而且學(xué)校的護(hù)欄都是為在校的學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備的，所以兩個(gè)地方的高度就有一點(diǎn)區(qū)別，廠家應(yīng)該結(jié)合實(shí)際進(jìn)行合理的定制，那么上文舉例的就是國(guó)家有關(guān)部門(mén)對(duì)于護(hù)欄高度規(guī)范方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)介紹了，專(zhuān)業(yè)人士擬定了一系列的關(guān)于護(hù)欄高度方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文字以供參考。廠家可以對(duì)比自己的情況，選擇性學(xué)習(xí)這方面的知識(shí)，由此入手進(jìn)行合理的定制。

　　The height of guardrails varies in different regions, mainly manifested in improvements and customizations made according to the local user situation. For example, hospital guardrails are relatively prepared for patients pushing wheelchairs, and school guardrails are prepared for students on campus. Therefore, there is a slight difference in height between the two places, and manufacturers should make reasonable customizations based on actual conditions. The above example is an introduction to the standards for guardrail height specifications by relevant national departments, and professionals have drafted a series of standard texts on guardrail height for reference. Manufacturers can compare their own situations, selectively learn knowledge in this area, and start with reasonable customization.

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